What you’ll learn

  • Define nutrition and balanced diet
  • State the 7 nutrients needed in a balanced diet and what these nutrients are needed for
  • Describe the effect that age, sex, activity, pregnancy and breast feeding have on dietary requirements
  • State how saturated fat is linked to high cholesterol and heart disease
  • Describe how the lack of fibre is linked to bowel cancer
  • State how fibre is linked to reducing the risk of heart disease.
  • State what the unit of energy is
  • Use the body mass index to tell if someone is obese
  • State what diseases are linked to obesity
  • Describe the difference between malnutrition and starvation
  • State the importance of Vitamin C, D, iron and calcium and the deficiency symptoms that results from a lack of them.
  • Define ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation, egestion
  • Define and label where chemical and mechanical digestion take place
  • Identify and name the 4 types of teeth and what they are used for,
  • Describe the structure of a tooth
  • Explain how plaque is formed and the steps in tooth decay
  • Describe the proper care of teeth, and the use of fluoride
  • Describe the events that occur in the mouth
  • State what saliva comprises
  • Describe swallowing
  • Describe peristalsis, including the contraction of the circular and longitudinal muscles
  • Describe the digestion of food in the stomach
  • State what the sphincter muscles do
  • State what chyme is
  • Describe where bile is made, stored and released and how it helps with digestion
  • Describe what is in pancreatic juice and what the different enzymes do
  • State what the 3 parts of the small intestine are called, discussing digestion in the duodenum and absorption in the ileum
  • Explain the structure of a villus
  • Explain how the ileum is adapted for absorption
  • State the functions of the liver and how the liver is involved in assimilation
  • Describe the large intestine and its function
  • Explain how cholera is transmitted and how it causes diarrhoea and dehydration
  • Explain what oral rehydration therapy is and how it works.

 

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